When you hear Off-Page Optimization, the next thing that pops-up into your mind is 'LINK'. It is because it deals with building links. Its a process of getting lots and lots of quality back links. Here are some of the techniques under Off-Page Optimization:
article and directory submissions
blog commenting
link exchange (exchange links on relevant sites)
forum posting
social bookmarking
online groups
classified ads
press release
What other techniques do you know? Share it here!